Synesthesia is a neurological condition in which stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway. People who have this are called synesthetes.
This issue of Synth'Zine talks about Grapheme-Color Synesthesia. It is one of the most common types. A person who experiences this may associate/see individual letters or numbers with a specific color.
I have shown things I interact with on an everyday basis from a synesthetic perspective.