Blood disorders are severe conditions that impose serious challenges to one's health. Several factors contribute to these disorders, and the immune system plays a central role in many cases. In particular, autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) highlight the relationship between the immune defenses and the delicate balance required for blood health.

The immune system is the body's defense mechanism against pathogens, foreign invaders, and abnormal cells. It includes multiple cells, tissues, and organs integrated as a system that identifies and eliminates threats.

AIHA is known for miscoding this immune system by delivering a threatening "get rid of" command to red blood cells, which promotes their early destruction. AIHA activates antibodies that bind to red blood cells' surface antigens, triggering hemolysis, which destroys the red blood cells. Changes in the production of RBCs cause anemia and fatigue, among other symptoms.

AIHA can be treated by suppressing the immune system activity to halt blood cell destruction. Corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, and other medications aid in calming the autoimmune response, hence lightening the symptoms.

ITP is another autoimmune disease characterized by the immune system's attack and destruction of platelets, which are crucial for clotting. Immune-mediated platelet destruction can result in bruising, petechiae (tiny purple or red spots on the skin), and internal bleeding in the most severe cases. ITP treatment strategies aim to increase platelet counts and prevent bleeding complications.