Phase II clinical trials are a critical stage in the drug development process, following Phase I trials and preceding Phase III trials. These trials aim to further assess the safety and efficacy of a new drug candidate in a larger group of participants, typically numbering in the hundreds. Phase II trials often focus on determining the optimal dosage and regimen for the drug, as well as evaluating its effectiveness in treating the targeted condition or disease. Additionally, these trials may provide further insights into potential side effects and risks associated with the drug. Data from Phase II trials help inform decisions about whether to advance the drug candidate to larger-scale Phase III trials, where its efficacy and safety are evaluated in even larger and more diverse patient populations.