The digestive system is home to the bulk of our body's human microbiota. These microorganisms exist in a variety of human body habitats, including the gastrointestinal system. 1014 bacteria inhabit the human intestine, which is about ten times the amount of human cells!

The human gut contains between 300 and 500 different types of bacteria. Because of the hostile environment in the lumen, which includes acid, bile, and pancreatic fluid, the stomach and small intestine contain very few microorganisms. Furthermore, because propulsive motions force luminal materials towards the colon, bacteria's ability to colonise the stomach and small intestine is reduced.

However, the colon is home to a large variety of bacteria species. Though some of them may be disease-causing, many of them provide several advantages to the human host.

Gut flora is inherited in part from the mother at birth, with the other half decided by lifestyle variables such as nutritional consumption, stress, and age.

A newborn infant is sterile, and germs infiltrate the exposed digestive system lining via the oral channel.

The nutrients and food received aid in the formation of the microbial ecosystem in the digestive tract.

The composition of gut flora changes over time and is unique to each individual due to lifestyle factors such as exercise, stress, sickness, travel, and age.

Gut bacteria are adaptable and shift in response to dietary requirements. Japanese people, for example, may partially digest seaweed due to the customization of their digestive tract by particular bacteria.

Important Functions of Stomach Bacteria

Fermentation of non-digestible dietary remnants such as starch and cellulose, supplying energy to both the host and the gut flora.

Vitamin K synthesis is required for the generation of clotting components; Stomach Bacteria also produce biotin and folate, which are necessary nutrients.

Improve calcium, iron, and magnesium absorption

Immune system booster

Lactobacilli in the gut lower the pH, inhibit the development of ammonia-producing bacteria, and promote ammonia evacuation. Both of these actions lower blood ammonia levels, which are hazardous to the body.

Prevent illness by competing with pathogenic bacteria for nutrition and adhesion to epithelial cells, preventing dangerous bacteria from entering intestinal cells.