How to make an own PCB design?
Start by using PCB design software, such as PROTEUS, to create your circuit's schematic diagram and layout. This involves placing electronic components and connecting them using appropriate symbols and wires. The software helps you visualize how the components will be arranged on the PCB.
Print the copper side of your PCB layout onto a special type of paper. A laser printer is recommended for this step because it provides a high-resolution print. Using glossy or photo paper can help the toner adhere better to the copper board during the transfer process.
Place the printed layout (toner side down) onto an empty copper board. Heat an iron and carefully iron the paper onto the copper board. The heat transfers the toner from the paper to the copper, effectively creating the PCB traces.
After transferring the toner, inspect the copper board for any errors or improper connections. Use a permanent marker to correct these mistakes by isolating areas that should not be connected. The marker acts as a chemical insulator during the etching process.
Prepare an etching solution using ferric chloride and water. This solution is used to remove the unwanted copper from the board, leaving behind only the traces that represent your circuit. Carefully immerse the copper board into the solution, ensuring all copper areas are submerged.
Allow the board to stay in the etching solution for around 45 minutes. The ferric chloride will dissolve the exposed copper, leaving the traces intact. Once the unwanted copper has been dissolved, carefully remove the board from the solution and rinse it with water
Allow the board to stay in the etching solution for around 45 minutes. The ferric chloride will dissolve the exposed copper, leaving the traces intact. Once the unwanted copper has been dissolved, carefully remove the board from the solution and rinse it with water
Use a drill to create holes in the board at locations where you intend to mount electronic components. These holes will allow you to securely attach and solder the components to the board.
Install and solder the electronic components onto the PCB. Ensure that each component is connected to the appropriate traces according to your schematic diagram. Soldering creates electrical connections and ensures the components are securely attached to the board.
Before deploying your PCB, it's crucial to test it to ensure it functions as intended. Connect it to your circuit or device and verify that it performs its intended function. Troubleshoot and make any necessary adjustments if the board doesn't work as expected.
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